The Battle in Maine Continues as Vaccine Mandates Threaten Major Loss of Health Care & First Responder Professionals

Healthcare workers have been waging to stop Gov. Mills from requiring them to get the Covid-19 vaccine.  Meanwhile, the first responders, working within the state’s Emergency Management System, have already been plagued by a shortage of volunteers and trained EMTs. As of midnight Friday, under the deadline for the state’s emergency rulemaking for healthcare workers – EMTs, Paramedics, ambulance drivers, volunteer firefighters, and police also faced the decision to either get the jab or leave their profession.  

Vaccine or Out—No Compromise 

In response, many have quit. Or been “expelled”, or fired. Some have already been removed just for questioning forcing mandates on all Mainers.

Their refusal to submit to the vaccine mandate will most certainly exacerbate the EMS shortage that has been ongoing since the pandemic began. It will add precious minutes, perhaps hours, to response times to accidents and life-threatening medical emergencies. 

In some counties, observers say, small town EMS providers may not be able to respond at all to 911 calls. 

This was put in the spotlight Friday night as Tucker Carlson discussed the dire situation with State Senator Lisa Keim, and she lamented the lack of news coverage on Maine’s crisis. In Maine, all other legal avenues have closed, except this last hope of a ruling Friday. 

With no ruling by Justice Murphy, which was expected, workers have been abandoned over the weekend after the deadline passed to decide to leave or get jabbed. 

Enter the Liberty Caucus

State EMS Director Sam Hurley is working with a group of Republican legislators that have formed the Liberty Caucus to provide hard numbers by Sunday on how many EMS workers have quit since midnight Friday, when the emergency order went into effect. 

Liberty Caucus member Sen. Lisa Keim on Tucker Carlson’s show sounded the alarm about the “dire consequences” coming from the crisis, which is not being reported at all the mainstream press. 

“We don’t know (yet) on the state level how many (EMS providers) have been let go,” Sen. Keim said on the show. “But there will be 911 calls that will go unanswered in the state of Maine.”  

Carlson said, “So people who suffer heart failure or have a stroke, and call for an ambulance and it doesn’t come, some of those people will die as a result of this.” Keim nodded, saying “That’s the most dire consequence of all, and the major concern we have.” 

Keim added that it is the height of mismanagement to impose the mandate on people who are actually the most careful of anyone in our society. Who were the first responders throughout this crisis, “and now we’re kicking them out and saying their services are no longer needed. And the Maine people don’t know.”

Severe Labor Shortage Coming to Maine?

Maine people also don’t know that in some small towns with ambulance services, anywhere from 50% to 80% of their workers will be quitting or not answering calls. EMS workers are particularly upset because they don’t work in a hospital setting, and thus have been exempt from having to get the other 6 vaccines the state requires. They will still be exempt from having to get the other 6 vaccines under the amended rules, yet they will have to get the cv vax.

“What makes the covid vaccine more important than the other six?,” asked York County Fire Administrator Roger Hooper during oral testimony on the CDC’s amended rules. “It just adds to the skepticism of the vaccine, and fuels some more of this debate. This whole process has been rushed,” he said.

Speaking as a certified Maine EMT, I consider this an abuse of the Maine system of emergency care which we are licensed to provide to Mainers in need. Paying lip service to the needs of our health care workers, during this crisis, and then deserting us to the whims of politicians? Forcing experimental vaccines we know are risky and acting like they know more about our health than we do

It’s no longer tolerable.

Canadian Doctor Says ‘Something Malicious is Going On’ After He’s Punished For Treating COVID Patients with Ivermectin By Debra Heine

Canadian emergency room physician has been banned from practicing medicine in Alberta after he defied the province’s COVID treatment protocols by prescribing Ivermectin to three patients.

In a powerful speech last week, Dr. Daniel Nagase vented about the shoddy way COVID patients were being treated in a rural hospital in Alberta, and concluded that “something malicious is going on.”

Nagase spoke on the steps of the Vancouver Art Gallery during an event commemorating the 75th anniversary of the Nuremberg trials. The event was hosted by a nonpartisan local group called “Common Ground.” 

Nagase told American Greatness that he has been a doctor for over 15 years, and has been an emergency doctor for 10 years.  Although he lives in Vancouver, he has been working as an emergency room doctor in rural underserviced communities throughout Alberta since 2015.

In his speech Friday, the doctor shared what happened when he tried to treat three patients in a small rural hospital with Ivermectin during the weekend of September 11. He blasted doctors and surgeons “who are standing in the way of life-saving medicine.”

Nagase said that he gave his elderly patients one dose of Ivermectin, along with antibiotics, vitamins, and inhalers—which set two out of the three on a quick road to recovery. But when health authorities caught wind of what he was doing, all the medications, including the inhalers were taken away, and Nagase was relieved of his duties.

Brian Peckford, a former Premier of Newfoundland, provided the text of the doctor’s speech on his blog, Peckford42.

“Let me tell you what happened in Rimbey Alberta, a small town couple hours west of Red Deer,” Nagase said at the beginning of his speech. “It shocked me.”

I started on Saturday morning in the ER, and when it came time to round on the ward patients, the charge nurse informed me that 3 of the patients on the COVID wing had deteriorated overnight.

All the patients were on Oxygen and extremely short of breath. The only medication these patients were on were steroids—a medication that will decrease inflammation but increase the chances of a bacterial infection by suppressing the immune system. That’s right, the only medication the COVID patients at this hospital were on were immune suppressants.

One woman said it felt like we just put her in a corner to die. We weren’t doing anything for her. I told her, I can’t speak for the usual doctors during the week, but it’s the weekend, and I’ll do everything I can to help. I offered Ivermectin. She wanted to try it because she heard nothing but good things about it. All 3 patients wanted to try ivermectin.

The hospital didn’t have any, so we had to ask Red Deer Hospital’s Central Pharmacy for the medication. They refused to send Ivermectin. Red Deer’s central pharmacist said Ivermectin was useless for COVID. He even had the Pharmacy Director for all of Alberta contact me to tell me Ivermectin didn’t work.

The Pharmacy Director for Alberta Health services is Dr. Gerald Lazarenko. Remember that name. He is both a Pharmacist and a Doctor. And he insisted that Ivermectin had no place in the treatment of COVID. So we checked the local pharmacies. And God bless that charge nurse, although both pharmacies in town did not have ivermectin, there was one pharmacist who would do everything he could to get some even if it took all day.

We didn’t have all day, my patients were sick. So I started everyone on the next best thing, Hydroxychloroquine which the hospital did have. I also started Vitamin C, Vitamin D, and Zinc. And because the patients were coughing and short of breath I gave them inhalers… Salbutamol and Flovent, the same inhalers that have been used for asthma for over 50 years. I also gave them Azithromycin.

Surprisingly by late afternoon, the town pharmacist finally found some ivermectin.

He couldn’t get it from his usual chemical supply, because it was a Saturday. He had to get it from an agricultural supply. He checked to make sure that it was the exact same Ivermectin a pharmacist would give to a person, brought it back to his pharmacy and checked it again. He then called me with the good news. I handed Ivermectin to each of my 3 patients with their exact dose of according to their weight.

And you’ll never guess what happened next. Within hours of getting Ivermectin, I got a call from the Central Zone medical director, Dr Jennifer Bestard. She called me to tell me I was forbidden from giving Ivermectin to patients. I told her she’s never met the patients, she’s not their doctor, and had no right to be changing the care of my patients without the patient’s permission.

She said Ivermectin was forbidden from the hospital. Even if the patients had their own Ivermectin. (Which I would have happily given to a relative so they could to hand it over to them), Patients would not be allowed to take their own ivermectin. She said it was a violation of Alberta Health Services Policy to give Ivermectin for COVID.

But that wasn’t good enough. The next day she called the hospital and gave me 15 minutes notice that I would be relieved of my duties. I told her that it was unreasonable. I had an emergency department full of patients who can’t be sorted out in 15 minutes. An hour later another local doctor came to replace me. They didn’t even want me to check up on the patients who I gave Ivermectin to.

Not even 24 hours after getting Ivermectin, two out of my three patients were almost completely better. They were out of bed walking around and all the crackles I heard in their lungs from the day before were gone. All it took was about 18 hours and one dose of Ivermectin. The third patient who was 95 years old, stayed the same. She didn’t get any worse like she had done the night previous.

I found out later that no sooner had I left Rimbey hospital, the next doctor who came to replace me stopped the antibiotics, stopped all the vitamins, she even stopped the patient’s inhalers. Within hours of my leaving the hospital this doctor even took away the patient’s inhalers, to help her breathe. The patients were not even allowed vitamins.

Thankfully, both my 70 year old patients who had immediate recoveries after a single dose of ivermectin left the hospital that week. I’d like to speak briefly to the healthcare professionals in the crowd: No doctor would take away antibiotics and inhalers for ANY viral pneumonia, never mind COVID. No doctor would do that to ANY patient with a pneumonia. Unless they were… Well I’ll let you think about that. We are remembering Nuremburg after all. And for healthcare professionals, I want us all to think very deeply about that.

But it gets worse, In my brief day and a half in the small town of Rimbey, I saw 2 patients who had recently been discharged from Red Deer Hospital after being on the COVID ward.
They were sent home with NOTHING. Not even an inhaler. These patients ended up in ER at a small hospital wanting help. Just days after being sent home from a tertiary care hospital with nothing.

There is something malicious going on. I hope you can all see the bigger picture. This is more than me having all my assignments to take care of small communities cancelled for the rest of the year. This is more than the medical director, Dr. Fraincois Belanger banning me from hospital practice throughout all of Alberta.

Just a week after giving ivermectin and then filing a complaint against the Alberta Pharmacy Director,
a complaint sent to the College of Physicians and Surgeons, about the Pharmacy director for an entire province denying 11 pages of studies showing 0% mortality for patients given Ivermectin.

In study after study after study, 0% mortality, 0% mortality, 0% mortality… with Ivermectin.

And in “Severe” COVID? A 50% reduction in mortality with Ivermectin.

This is all in the Alberta Health Services own Ivermectin report.

Just a week after I filed a complaint that Dr. Gerald Lazarenko was withholding a life saving medication from an entire province, the Alberta college of physicians and Surgeons forbade doctors and pharmacists from giving patients ivermectin.

We must remember.
We are here to remember.
Not just the people who died from medical experimentation.

We are here to remember the people today.
We are here to remember every single doctor, lawyer, and medical ethicist that sits on the board of the BC college who is investigating Dr. Charles Hoffe for speakng the truth.

We are here to remember every doctor who stopped patients from having a live saving medication.

And what for? To boost mortality? To create an ICU “crisis”? To create a state of emergency?

All to push a vaccine?

We must remember, the people of the past. And the people of today.

History repeats itself.
Nuremburg will happen again.
We must remember.

Dr. Nagase told American Greatness, “It’s not that I’m upsetting the apple cart, the apple cart upsets me.”

An Alternative Voice: The Censorship Continues as PayPal Shuts Down FLCCC & More Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles Taken Down

Unprecedented levels of censorship have accompanied the COVID-19 pandemic. The level and intensity of this censorship accelerated with the incoming POTUS starting in January 2021. While TrialSite itself has faced censorship as factual articles about ivermectin studies, for example, have been taken down from social media sites—not because there was any misinformation but because the words triggered an algorithm. But the levels of information suppression become more insidious and nefarious by the day. 

TrialSite reports that PayPal suddenly—and without any warning whatsoever—shut down the Front Line COVID-19 Critical Care Alliance (FLCCC) PayPal account recently, so the group would not be able to sustain its non-profit operation. Of course, the FLCCC has advocated for early-onset treatment of COVID-19 patients in addition to vaccination and sound public health policies. After the fact, the FLCCC received a notice that their account was permanently limited and that no further transactions using PayPal would be permitted. They were instructed to remove all references to PayPal from their website. In parallel, Facebook imposed new limitations on the group of doctors advocating for early-onset care of COVID-19 patients. At the same time, a peer-review-accepted-and-published paper on vaccine safety issues was pulled by a journal—lawsuits are imminent. 

Apparently, the FLCCC is not alone, as the market’s leading social network recently wiped out the Facebook MD group. By last year, over 1 million groups were taken out by Facebook in wholesale purges, reported NBC News. Undoubtedly, hundreds of thousands more have been impacted since then. TrialSite’s founder Daniel O’Connor shared for this entry, “Already there was evidence that the current White House was advising the Silicon Valley social media company as to what was misinformation,” acknowledged the White House press secretary in September

TrialSite’s Daniel O’Connor spoke with FLCCC co-founder Dr. Pierre Kory today, who shared that they have been attacked across all the major social media. Even with Twitter, they have observed strange behavior—for example, a message may start going viral suddenly to slow down and stop in a sort of “molasses effect,” thereby limiting any traffic or attention thereafter.

Cancel Science

While politico types are concerned about so-called cancel culture, a truly disturbing trend occurring now is what could be called “Cancer Science.” For example, just recently, the medical journal Current Problems in Cardiology “temporarily removed” a peer-reviewed journal authored by Dr. Jessica Rose and Dr. Peter McCullough. The piece titled “A Report on Myocarditis Adverse Events in the U.S. Vaccine Adverse Event System (VAERS) in Association with COVID-19 Injectable Biological Products” was already reviewed, approved, and published. Suddenly and abruptly, the journal’s leadership issued a “Temporary Removal” status evidencing an intention to stop access to the information. Why would the journal allow for the entire cumbersome and expensive peer review process, accept and approve only to cancel after they have published? Clearly, someone got to them.

TrialSite’s Daniel O’Connor was able to speak with Dr. Peter McCullough on the matter, who declared, “this paper was welcomed by the journal,” emphasizing, “the paper was fully accepted with executed publishing agreements and now with the journal’s move to withdraw the paper represents a brazen breach of contract.” 

Dr. McCullough shared this is a manifest example of censorship, which the authors won’t accept. The Texas-based, well-known cardiologist stated, “If they don’t restate the full status of the paper, then we plan to legally prosecute and enforce our contractual rights to the fullest extent possible.” Legal counsel has been retained for what appears to represent an imminent legal conflict. 

Back to the FLCCC. TrialSite learned that the recent Facebook attack is just one example in a long line of what amounts to information warfare against any information that contradicts the dominant COVID-19 narrative promulgated by the current White House and various executive branch agencies, not to mention the World Health Organization.  

The FLCCC’s public relations representative informed TrialSite that Facebook has continued to remove posts and lockout followers while countless YouTube videos have been removed. Moreover, the FLCCC was “de-platformed” on Medium as well as on LinkedIn and Vimeo. The group’s ability to issue a press release was blocked by PRWeb/PR Newswire over the summer when they were banned from using that newswire in June.

The Loss of Scientific Dissent is Society’s Loss

Back in July, Dr. Erin Stair shared in “On the Battlefield of Misinformers, Dissenters & Staunch Stakeholders of the Almighty Narrative” that while it most certainly is “important to acknowledge the existence of misinformation, or information that is false,” it’s just as important to understand the importance of scientific dissent. The West Point graduate, physician, and Armed Services Veteran shared, “Scientific dissent…is not misinformation.” In fact, scientific dissent serves a critical purpose in the collective quest to discover scientific truth. That is how progress throughout the ages occurs.

The ongoing blocking, suppressing, and outright censoring of different scientific perspectives, opinions, and analyses won’t work in the long run. This kind of action assumes that most people are ignorant and that they are not capable of doing their own homework, considering different points of view, and making up their own minds. Already a counter-movement builds as growing numbers of people openly ponder the integrity of those in charge. 

Pfizer Whistleblower Claims Vaccines Glow, Contains Graphene Oxide Or Luciferase, It’s ALL An Experiment

A former employee of Pfizer, Melissa Strickler, used to be a quality inspector for the company for ten years. Now she’s blowing the whistle and claiming their COVID ‘vaccine’ has toxic ingredients that make it glow.

She says these ingredients are NOT listed on the products label.

“I thought all this stuff was conspiracy theories and then I watched a doctor say that they use codes in their stuff, you know, and I took notes of those codes and I found out SM-102 is Luciferase and when I messaged them, my company, I emailed them and I said, Hey is Luciferase in the vaccine? And they responded with the vaccine isn’t or the Luciferase isn’t the true testing of the vaccine but won’t be included in the final vaccine. But the way I see this is this whole thing is experimental. We haven’t even seen the Comirnaty. I don’t even know how to say it. We have not even seen those labels getting put on the vials on that plant yet. So, as far as I know, everyone is still receiving that emergency use authorization, and it’s experimental. It is a test. It is a massive test on the world. And I believe it’s a way for them to know who’s vaccinated because their blood will glow.” – Melissa Strickler

That’s just a few of the shocking statements this former Pfizer employee made in this stunning interview.

You can see it in its entirety below.

https://www.redvoicemedia.com/2021/10/pfizer-whistleblower-claims-vaccines-glow-contains-graphene-oxide-or-luciferase-its-all-an-experiment/?utm_source=daily-email-breaking&utm_medium=email

Ivermectin Use in the Dominican Republic

In June of 2020, TrialSite spoke to Dr. José Natalio Redondo about his successful ivermectin protocol in treating over 1,300 early-stage COVID-19 patients on the beautiful island of the Dominican Republic. Now, “After eight months of active clinical observation and attending about seven thousand additional patients with Covid-19 in three medical centers located in Puerto Plata, La Romana, and Punta Cana, Dr. José Natalio Redondo revealed that 99.3% of the symptomatic patients who received care in his emergency services, including the use of Ivermectin, managed to recover in the first five days of recorded symptoms.” Is America missing out on something big here?

About the Rescue Group

The Rescue Group (Grupo Rescue) is a leading national private health network in the Caribbean nation of Dominican Republic. The Rescue Group operates three hospitals, including Punta Cana Medical Center, Bournigal Medical Center (Puerto Plata) and Canela Clinic (La Romana) as well as affiliated referral hospitals, urgent care facilities, and an in-home service in addition to 17 emergency hotel medical centers. José Natalio Redondo, the group’s president, is renowned in Latin America for the incredible success of his Ivermectin protocol used at the Rescue Group hospitals.

“From the beginning, our team of medical specialists, who were at the forefront of the battle, led by our emergency physicians, intensivists and internists, raised the need to see this disease in a different way than that proposed by international health organizations, says Dr. Redondo in his report.

And he adds that the Group’s experts proposed the urgency of reorienting the management protocols towards earlier and more timely stages. “We realized that the war was being lost because of the obsession of large groups, agencies, and companies linked to research and production of drugs, to focus their interest almost exclusively on the management of critical patients.

“Our results were immediate; the use of Ivermectin, together with Azithromycin and Zinc (plus the usual vitamins that tend to increase the immune response of individuals) produced an impressive variation in the course of the disease; it was demonstrated that 99. 3% of the patients recovered quickly when the treatment was started in the first five days of proven symptoms, with an average of 3.5 days, and a fall of more than 50% in the rate and duration of hospitalizations, and reducing from 9 to 1 the mortality rate, when the treatment was started on time.”

Reduced Mortality Risk

The renowned cardiologist and health manager affirmed that Ivermectin’s use against the symptoms of Covid-19 is practically generalized in the country and attributed to this factor, among others, the fact that the risk of dying from this disease in the Dominican Republic is significantly lower than in the United States.

In a situation all too familiar to the United States, Dr. Redondo “specifies that Dominican patients were dying mainly because of the loss of time in seeking rapid medical assistance, or because of the inconsistent policy of sending them home, without antiviral treatment, with paracetamol and hydration, until their evolution led them to get worse so that they returned to the emergency service.”

Perhaps this explains, at least in part, why many Americans have been fighting for the use of ivermectin. Coincidentally, just today, the Attorney General of Nebraska released a formal legal opinion suggesting that the off-label use of ivermectin and hydroxychloroquine for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19 is acceptable. The Attorney General’s conclusions are as follows: “Allowing physicians to consider these early treatments will free them to evaluate additional tools that could save lives, keep patients out of the hospital, and provide relief for our already strained healthcare system.” 

Is there evidence that natural exposure immunity to COVID virus is similar or superior to vaccine-induced immunity

Authored by Paul Elias Alexander, PhD, Dr. Ramin Oskoui, MD, and Dr. Peter McCullough, MD

I argue for the superiority of natural immunity over the narrow ‘spike-specific’ immature immunity conferred by the COVID injections.  Yet you can assess the available body of evidence yourself and make a judgment. The refusal by NIAID’s Anthony Fauci, CDC’s Rochelle Walensky, and NIH’s Francis Collins to recognize natural immunity as similar to or even superior to vaccine immunity is outrageous, unscientific, and downright absurd. We said before that our children must be considered already immune and vaccinated (based on biological and molecular evidence) and leave them alone with these sub-optimal, non-sterilizing, unneeded injections, and now we say the very same for our militaries and police. Leave them to hell alone with vaccine mandates for they can make personal informed decisions while at the same time being at vanishingly low risk for severe outcome from COVID! We can potentially cause needless harm and death to our military and police with these safety untested injections. Allow our best people (in fact everyone) to balance the benefits and harms (risks) especially if they are already COVID recovered and have gained rich, robust, sterilizing, life-long natural immunity. One and done!  Allow proper informed consent (for the first time). Follow the Nuremberg Code of Ethics etc. Below is the existing body of evidence on natural immunity versus vaccine immunity as it relates to COVID-19 (Table 1). This represents the most updated and comprehensive library list of over 70 of the highest-quality, complete, most robust scientific studies and evidence reports/position statements on natural immunity as compared to the COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunity and allow you to draw your own conclusion:  

Table 1: Evidence on natural immunity versus COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunity as of October 15th, 2021

Study/report title, author, and year published and interactive url linkPredominant finding on natural immunity1) Necessity of COVID-19 vaccination in previously infected individuals, Shrestha, 2021“Cumulative incidence of COVID-19 was examined among 52,238 employees in an American healthcare system. The cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection remained almost zero among previously infected unvaccinated subjects, previously infected subjects who were vaccinated, and previously uninfected subjects who were vaccinated, compared with a steady increase in cumulative incidence among previously uninfected subjects who remained unvaccinated. Not one of the 1359 previously infected subjects who remained unvaccinated had a SARS-CoV-2 infection over the duration of the study. Individuals who have had SARS-CoV-2 infection are unlikely to benefit from COVID-19 vaccination…”2) SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls, Le Bert, 2020“Studied T cell responses against the structural (nucleocapsid (N) protein) and non-structural (NSP7 and NSP13 of ORF1) regions of SARS-CoV-2 in individuals convalescing from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (n = 36). In all of these individuals, we found CD4 and CD8 T cells that recognized multiple regions of the N protein…showed that patients (n = 23) who recovered from SARS possess long-lasting memory T cells that are reactive to the N protein of SARS-CoV 17 years after the outbreak of SARS in 2003; these T cells displayed robust cross-reactivity to the N protein of SARS-CoV-2.”3) Comparing SARS-CoV-2 natural immunity to vaccine-induced immunity: reinfections versus breakthrough infections,Gazit, 2021“A retrospective observational study comparing three groups: (1) SARS-CoV-2-naïve individuals who received a two-dose regimen of the BioNTech/Pfizer mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine, (2) previously infected individuals who have not been vaccinated, and (3) previously infected and single dose vaccinated individuals found para a 13 fold increased risk of breakthrough Delta infections in double vaccinated persons, and a 27 fold increased risk for symptomatic breakthrough infection in the double vaccinated relative to the natural immunity recovered persons…the risk of hospitalization was 8 times higher in the double vaccinated (para)…this analysis demonstrated that natural immunity affords longer lasting and stronger protection against infection, symptomatic disease and hospitalization due to the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2, compared to the BNT162b2 two-dose vaccine-induced immunity.”4) Highly functional virus-specific cellular immune response in asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, Le Bert, 2021“Studied SARS-CoV-2–specific T cells in a cohort of asymptomatic (n = 85) and symptomatic (n = 75) COVID-19 patients after seroconversion…thus, asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2–infected individuals are not characterized by weak antiviral immunity; on the contrary, they mount a highly functional virus-specific cellular immune response.”5) Large-scale study of antibody titer decay following BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine or SARS-CoV-2 infection, Israel, 2021“A total of 2,653 individuals fully vaccinated by two doses of vaccine during the study period and 4,361 convalescent patients were included. Higher SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody titers were observed in vaccinated individuals (median 1581 AU/mL IQR [533.8-5644.6]) after the second vaccination, than in convalescent individuals (median 355.3 AU/mL IQR [141.2-998.7]; p<0.001). In vaccinated subjects, antibody titers decreased by up to 40% each subsequent month while in convalescents they decreased by less than 5% per month…this study demonstrates individuals who received the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine have different kinetics of antibody levels compared to patients who had been infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, with higher initial levels but a much faster exponential decrease in the first group”.6) SARS-CoV-2 re-infection risk in Austria, Pilz, 2021Researchers recorded “40 tentative re-infections in 14, 840 COVID-19 survivors of the first wave (0.27%) and 253 581 infections in 8, 885, 640 individuals of the remaining general population (2.85%) translating into an odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.09 (0.07 to 0.13)…relatively low re-infection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in Austria. Protection against SARS-CoV-2 after natural infection is comparable with the highest available estimates on vaccine efficacies.” Additionally, hospitalization in only five out of 14,840 (0.03%) people and death in one out of 14,840 (0.01%) (tentative re-infection).7) mRNA vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells recognize B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants but differ in longevity and homing properties depending on prior infection status, Neidleman, 2021“Spike-specific T cells from convalescent vaccinees differed strikingly from those of infection-naïve vaccinees, with phenotypic features suggesting superior long-term persistence and ability to home to the respiratory tract including the nasopharynx. These results provide reassurance that vaccine-elicited T cells respond robustly to the B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants, confirm that convalescents may not need a second vaccine dose.”8) Good news: Mild COVID-19 induces lasting antibody protection, Bhandari, 2021“Months after recovering from mild cases of COVID-19, people still have immune cells in their body pumping out antibodies against the virus that causes COVID-19, according to a study from researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. Such cells could persist for a lifetime, churning out antibodies all the while. The findings, published May 24 in the journal Nature, suggest that mild cases of COVID-19 leave those infected with lasting antibody protection and that repeated bouts of illness are likely to be uncommon.”9) Robust neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 infection persist for months, Wajnberg, 2021“Neutralizing antibody titers against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein persisted for at least 5 months after infection. Although continued monitoring of this cohort will be needed to confirm the longevity and potency of this response, these preliminary results suggest that the chance of reinfection may be lower than is currently feared.”10) Evolution of Antibody Immunity to SARS-CoV-2, Gaebler, 2020“Concurrently, neutralizing activity in plasma decreases by five-fold in pseudo-type virus assays. In contrast, the number of RBD-specific memory B cells is unchanged. Memory B cells display clonal turnover after 6.2 months, and the antibodies they express have greater somatic hypermutation, increased potency and resistance to RBD mutations, indicative of continued evolution of the humoral response…we conclude that the memory B cell response to SARS-CoV-2 evolves between 1.3 and 6.2 months after infection in a manner that is consistent with antigen persistence.”11) Persistence of neutralizing antibodies a year after SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans, Haveri, 2021“Assessed the persistence of serum antibodies following WT SARS-CoV-2 infection at 8 and 13 months after diagnosis in 367 individuals…found that NAb against the WT virus persisted in 89% and S-IgG in 97% of subjects for at least 13 months after infection.”12) Quantifying the risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 reinfection over time, Murchu, 2021“Eleven large cohort studies were identified that estimated the risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 reinfection over time, including three that enrolled healthcare workers and two that enrolled residents and staff of elderly care homes. Across studies, the total number of PCR‐positive or antibody‐positive participants at baseline was 615,777, and the maximum duration of follow‐up was more than 10 months in three studies. Reinfection was an uncommon event (absolute rate 0%–1.1%), with no study reporting an increase in the risk of reinfection over time.”13) Natural immunity to covid is powerful. Policymakers seem afraid to say so, Makary, 2021Makary writes “it’s okay to have an incorrect scientific hypothesis. But when new data proves it wrong, you have to adapt. Unfortunately, many elected leaders and public health officials have held on far too long to the hypothesis that natural immunity offers unreliable protection against covid-19 — a contention that is being rapidly debunked by science. More than 15 studies have demonstrated the power of immunity acquired by previously having the virus. A 700,000-person study from Israel two weeks ago found that those who had experienced prior infections were 27 times less likely to get a second symptomatic covid infection than those who were vaccinated. This affirmed a June Cleveland Clinic study of health-care workers (who are often exposed to the virus), in which none who had previously tested positive for the coronavirus got reinfected. The study authors concluded that “individuals who have had SARS-CoV-2 infection are unlikely to benefit from covid-19 vaccination.” And in May, a Washington University study found that even a mild covid infection resulted in long-lasting immunity.”14) SARS-CoV-2 elicits robust adaptive immune responses regardless of disease severity, Nielsen, 2021“203 recovered SARS-CoV-2 infected patients in Denmark between April 3rd and July 9th 2020, at least 14 days after COVID-19 symptom recovery… report broad serological profiles within the cohort, detecting antibody binding to other human coronaviruses… the viral surface spike protein was identified as the dominant target for both neutralizing antibodies and CD8+ T-cell responses. Overall, the majority of patients had robust adaptive immune responses, regardless of their disease severity.”15) Protection of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection is similar to that of BNT162b2 vaccine protection: A three-month nationwide experience from Israel, Goldberg, 2021“Analyze an updated individual-level database of the entire population of Israel to assess the protection efficacy of both prior infection and vaccination in preventing subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization with COVID-19, severe disease, and death due to COVID-19… vaccination was highly effective with overall estimated efficacy for documented infection of 92·8% (CI:[92·6, 93·0]); hospitalization 94·2% (CI:[93·6, 94·7]); severe illness 94·4% (CI:[93·6, 95·0]); and death 93·7% (CI:[92·5, 94·7]). Similarly, the overall estimated level of protection from prior SARS-CoV-2 infection for documented infection is 94·8% (CI: [94·4, 95·1]); hospitalization 94·1% (CI: [91·9, 95·7]); and severe illness 96·4% (CI: [92·5, 98·3])…results question the need to vaccinate previously-infected individuals.”16) Incidence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 infection among previously infected or vaccinated employees, Kojima, 2021“Employees were divided into three groups: (1) SARS-CoV-2 naïve and unvaccinated, (2) previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, and (3) vaccinated. Person-days were measured from the date of the employee first test and truncated at the end of the observation period. SARS-CoV-2 infection was defined as two positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR tests in a 30-day period… 4313, 254 and 739 employee records for groups 1, 2, and 3…previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination for SARS-CoV-2 were associated with decreased risk for infection or re-infection with SARS-CoV-2 in a routinely screened workforce. The was no difference in the infection incidence between vaccinated individuals and individuals with previous infection.” 17) Having SARS-CoV-2 once confers much greater immunity than a vaccine—but vaccination remains vital, Wadman, 2021“Israelis who had an infection were more protected against the Delta coronavirus variant than those who had an already highly effective COVID-19 vaccine…the newly released data show people who once had a SARS-CoV-2 infection were much less likely than never-infected, vaccinated people to get Delta, develop symptoms from it, or become hospitalized with serious COVID-19.”18) One-year sustained cellular and humoral immunities of COVID-19 convalescents, Zhang, 2021“A systematic antigen-specific immune evaluation in 101 COVID-19 convalescents; SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibodies, and also NAb can persist among over 95% COVID-19 convalescents from 6 months to 12 months after disease onset. At least 19/71 (26%) of COVID-19 convalescents (double positive in ELISA and MCLIA) had detectable circulating IgM antibody against SARS-CoV-2 at 12m post-disease onset. Notably, the percentages of convalescents with positive SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses (at least one of the SARS-CoV-2 antigen S1, S2, M and N protein) were 71/76 (93%) and 67/73 (92%) at 6m and 12m, respectively.” 19) Functional SARS-CoV-2-Specific Immune Memory Persists after Mild COVID-19, Rodda, 2021“Recovered individuals developed SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin (IgG) antibodies, neutralizing plasma, and memory B and memory T cells that persisted for at least 3 months. Our data further reveal that SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG memory B cells increased over time. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2-specific memory lymphocytes exhibited characteristics associated with potent antiviral function: memory T cells secreted cytokines and expanded upon antigen re-encounter, whereas memory B cells expressed receptors capable of neutralizing virus when expressed as monoclonal antibodies. Therefore, mild COVID-19 elicits memory lymphocytes that persist and display functional hallmarks of antiviral immunity.”20) Discrete Immune Response Signature to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination Versus Infection, Ivanova, 2021“Performed multimodal single-cell sequencing on peripheral blood of patients with acute COVID-19 and healthy volunteers before and after receiving the SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine to compare the immune responses elicited by the virus and by this vaccine…both infection and vaccination induced robust innate and adaptive immune responses, our analysis revealed significant qualitative differences between the two types of immune challenges. In COVID-19 patients, immune responses were characterized by a highly augmented interferon response which was largely absent in vaccine recipients. Increased interferon signaling likely contributed to the observed dramatic upregulation of cytotoxic genes in the peripheral T cells and innate-like lymphocytes in patients but not in immunized subjects. Analysis of B and T cell receptor repertoires revealed that while the majority of clonal B and T cells in COVID-19 patients were effector cells, in vaccine recipients clonally expanded cells were primarily circulating memory cells…we observed the presence of cytotoxic CD4 T cells in COVID-19 patients that were largely absent in healthy volunteers following immunization. While hyper-activation of inflammatory responses and cytotoxic cells may contribute to immunopathology in severe illness, in mild and moderate disease, these features are indicative of protective immune responses and resolution of infection.”21) SARS-CoV-2 infection induces long-lived bone marrow plasma cells in humans, Turner, 2021“Bone marrow plasma cells (BMPCs) are a persistent and essential source of protective antibodies… durable serum antibody titres are maintained by long-lived plasma cells—non-replicating, antigen-specific plasma cells that are detected in the bone marrow long after the clearance of the antigen … S-binding BMPCs are quiescent, which suggests that they are part of a stable compartment. Consistently, circulating resting memory B cells directed against SARS-CoV-2 S were detected in the convalescent individuals. Overall, our results indicate that mild infection with SARS-CoV-2 induces robust antigen-specific, long-lived humoral immune memory in humans…overall, our data provide strong evidence that SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans robustly establishes the two arms of humoral immune memory: long-lived bone marrow plasma cells (BMPCs) and memory B-cells.”22) SARS-CoV-2 infection rates of antibody-positive compared with antibody-negative health-care workers in England: a large, multicentre, prospective cohort study (SIREN), Jane Hall, 2021“The SARS-CoV-2 Immunity and Reinfection Evaluation study… 30 625 participants were enrolled into the study… a previous history of SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with an 84% lower risk of infection, with median protective effect observed 7 months following primary infection. This time period is the minimum probable effect because seroconversions were not included. This study shows that previous infection with SARS-CoV-2 induces effective immunity to future infections in most individuals.”23) Pandemic peak SARS-CoV-2 infection and seroconversion rates in London frontline health-care workers, Houlihan, 2020“Enrolled 200 patient-facing HCWs between March 26 and April 8, 2020…represents a 13% infection rate (i.e. 14 of 112 HCWs) within the 1 month of follow-up in those with no evidence of antibodies or viral shedding at enrolment. By contrast, of 33 HCWs who tested positive by serology but tested negative by RT-PCR at enrolment, 32 remained negative by RT-PCR through follow-up, and one tested positive by RT-PCR on days 8 and 13 after enrolment.”24) Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 are associated with protection against reinfection, Lumley, 2021“Critical to understand whether infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) protects from subsequent reinfection… 12219 HCWs participated…prior SARS-CoV-2 infection that generated antibody responses offered protection from reinfection for most people in the six months following infection.”25) Longitudinal analysis shows durable and broad immune memory after SARS-CoV-2 infection with persisting antibody responses and memory B and T cells, Cohen, 2021“Evaluate 254 COVID-19 patients longitudinally up to 8 months and find durable broad-based immune responses. SARS-CoV-2 spike binding and neutralizing antibodies exhibit a bi-phasic decay with an extended half-life of >200 days suggesting the generation of longer-lived plasma cells… most recovered COVID-19 patients mount broad, durable immunity after infection, spike IgG+ memory B cells increase and persist post-infection, durable polyfunctional CD4 and CD8 T cells recognize distinct viral epitope regions.”26) Single cell profiling of T and B cell repertoires following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine, Sureshchandra, 2021“Used single-cell RNA sequencing and functional assays to compare humoral and cellular responses to two doses of mRNA vaccine with responses observed in convalescent individuals with asymptomatic disease… natural infection induced expansion of larger CD8 T cell clones occupied distinct clusters, likely due to the recognition of a broader set of viral epitopes presented by the virus not seen in the mRNA vaccine.”27) SARS-CoV-2 antibody-positivity protects against reinfection for at least seven months with 95% efficacy, Abu-Raddad, 2021“SARS-CoV-2 antibody-positive persons from April 16 to December 31, 2020 with a PCR-positive swab ≥14 days after the first-positive antibody test were investigated for evidence of reinfection, 43,044 antibody-positive persons who were followed for a median of 16.3 weeks…reinfection is rare in the young and international population of Qatar. Natural infection appears to elicit strong protection against reinfection with an efficacy ~95% for at least seven months.”28) Orthogonal SARS-CoV-2 Serological Assays Enable Surveillance of Low-Prevalence Communities and Reveal Durable Humoral Immunity, Ripperger, 2020“Conducted a serological study to define correlates of immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Compared to those with mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, individuals with severe disease exhibited elevated virus-neutralizing titers and antibodies against the nucleocapsid (N) and the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein…neutralizing and spike-specific antibody production persists for at least 5–7 months… nucleocapsid antibodies frequently become undetectable by 5–7 months.”29) Anti-spike antibody response to natural SARS-CoV-2 infection in the general population, Wei, 2021“In the general population using representative data from 7,256 United Kingdom COVID-19 infection survey participants who had positive swab SARS-CoV-2 PCR tests from 26-April-2020 to 14-June-2021…we estimated antibody levels associated with protection against reinfection likely last 1.5-2 years on average, with levels associated with protection from severe infection present for several years. These estimates could inform planning for vaccination booster strategies.”30) Antibody Status and Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Health Care Workers, Lumley, 2021“12,541 health care workers participated and had anti-spike IgG measured; 11,364 were followed up after negative antibody results and 1265 after positive results, including 88 in whom seroconversion occurred during follow-up…a total of 223 anti-spike–seronegative health care workers had a positive PCR test (1.09 per 10,000 days at risk), 100 during screening while they were asymptomatic and 123 while symptomatic, whereas 2 anti-spike–seropositive health care workers had a positive PCR test… the presence of anti-spike or anti-nucleocapsid IgG antibodies was associated with a substantially reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in the ensuing 6 months.”31) Researchers find long-lived immunity to 1918 pandemic virus, CIDRAP, 2008
and the actual 2008 NATURE journal publication by Yu“A study of the blood of older people who survived the 1918 influenza pandemic reveals that antibodies to the strain have lasted a lifetime and can perhaps be engineered to protect future generations against similar strains…the group collected blood samples from 32 pandemic survivors aged 91 to 101..the people recruited for the study were 2 to 12 years old in 1918 and many recalled sick family members in their households, which suggests they were directly exposed to the virus, the authors report. The group found that 100% of the subjects had serum-neutralizing activity against the 1918 virus and 94% showed serologic reactivity to the 1918 hemagglutinin. The investigators generated B lymphoblastic cell lines from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of eight subjects. Transformed cells from the blood of 7 of the 8 donors yielded secreting antibodies that bound the 1918 hemagglutinin.” Yu: “here we show that of the 32 individuals tested that were born in or before 1915, each showed sero-reactivity with the 1918 virus, nearly 90 years after the pandemic. Seven of the eight donor samples tested had circulating B cells that secreted antibodies that bound the 1918 HA. We isolated B cells from subjects and generated five monoclonal antibodies that showed potent neutralizing activity against 1918 virus from three separate donors. These antibodies also cross-reacted with the genetically similar HA of a 1930 swine H1N1 influenza strain.”32) Live virus neutralisation testing in convalescent patients and subjects vaccinated against 19A, 20B, 20I/501Y.V1 and 20H/501Y.V2 isolates of SARS-CoV-2, Gonzalez, 2021“No significant difference was observed between the 20B and 19A isolates for HCWs with mild COVID-19 and critical patients. However, a significant decrease in neutralisation ability was found for 20I/501Y.V1 in comparison with 19A isolate for critical patients and HCWs 6-months post infection. Concerning 20H/501Y.V2, all populations had a significant reduction in neutralising antibody titres in comparison with the 19A isolate. Interestingly, a significant difference in neutralisation capacity was observed for vaccinated HCWs between the two variants whereas it was not significant for the convalescent groups…the reduced neutralising response observed towards the 20H/501Y.V2 in comparison with the 19A and 20I/501Y.V1 isolates in fully immunized subjects with the BNT162b2 vaccine is a striking finding of the study.”33) Differential effects of the second SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine dose on T cell immunity in naïve and COVID-19 recovered individuals, Camara, 2021“Characterized SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific humoral and cellular immunity in naïve and previously infected individuals during full BNT162b2 vaccination…results demonstrate that the second dose increases both the humoral and cellular immunity in naïve individuals. On the contrary, the second BNT162b2 vaccine dose results in a reduction of cellular immunity in COVID-19 recovered individuals.”

34) Op-Ed: Quit Ignoring Natural COVID Immunity, Klausner, 2021“Epidemiologists estimate over 160 million people worldwide have recovered from COVID-19. Those who have recovered have an astonishingly low frequency of repeat infection, disease, or death.”35) Association of SARS-CoV-2 Seropositive Antibody Test With Risk of Future Infection, Harvey, 2021“To evaluate evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection based on diagnostic nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) among patients with positive vs negative test results for antibodies in an observational descriptive cohort study of clinical laboratory and linked claims data…the cohort included 3 257 478 unique patients with an index antibody test…patients with positive antibody test results were initially more likely to have positive NAAT results, consistent with prolonged RNA shedding, but became markedly less likely to have positive NAAT results over time, suggesting that seropositivity is associated with protection from infection.”36) SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and subsequent infection risk in healthy young adults: a prospective cohort study, Letizia, 2021“Investigated the risk of subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection among young adults (CHARM marine study) seropositive for a previous infection…enrolled 3249 participants, of whom 3168 (98%) continued into the 2-week quarantine period. 3076 (95%) participants…Among 189 seropositive participants, 19 (10%) had at least one positive PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 during the 6-week follow-up (1·1 cases per person-year). In contrast, 1079 (48%) of 2247 seronegative participants tested positive (6·2 cases per person-year). The incidence rate ratio was 0·18 (95% CI 0·11–0·28; p<0·001)…infected seropositive participants had viral loads that were about 10-times lower than those of infected seronegative participants (ORF1ab gene cycle threshold difference 3·95 [95% CI 1·23–6·67]; p=0·004).” 37) Associations of Vaccination and of Prior Infection With Positive PCR Test Results for SARS-CoV-2 in Airline Passengers Arriving in Qatar, Bertollini, 2021“Of 9,180 individuals with no record of vaccination but with a record of prior infection at least 90 days before the PCR test (group 3), 7694 could be matched to individuals with no record of vaccination or prior infection (group 2), among whom PCR positivity was 1.01% (95% CI, 0.80%-1.26%) and 3.81% (95% CI, 3.39%-4.26%), respectively. The relative risk for PCR positivity was 0.22 (95% CI, 0.17-0.28) for vaccinated individuals and 0.26 (95% CI, 0.21-0.34) for individuals with prior infection compared with no record of vaccination or prior infection.”38) Natural immunity against COVID-19 significantly reduces the risk of reinfection: findings from a cohort of sero-survey participants, Mishra, 2021“Followed up with a subsample of our previous sero-survey participants to assess whether natural immunity against SARS-CoV-2 was associated with a reduced risk of re-infection (India)… out of the 2238 participants, 1170 were sero-positive and 1068 were sero-negative for antibody against COVID-19. Our survey found that only 3 individuals in the sero-positive group got infected with COVID-19 whereas 127 individuals reported contracting the infection the sero-negative group…from the 3 sero-positives re-infected with COVID-19, one had hospitalization, but did not require oxygen support or critical care…development of antibody following natural infection not only protects against re-infection by the virus to a great extent, but also safeguards against progression to severe COVID-19 disease.”39) Lasting immunity found after recovery from COVID-19, NIH, 2021“The researchers found durable immune responses in the majority of people studied. Antibodies against the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, which the virus uses to get inside cells, were found in 98% of participants one month after symptom onset. As seen in previous studies, the number of antibodies ranged widely between individuals. But, promisingly, their levels remained fairly stable over time, declining only modestly at 6 to 8 months after infection… virus-specific B cells increased over time. People had more memory B cells six months after symptom onset than at one month afterwards… levels of T cells for the virus also remained high after infection. Six months after symptom onset, 92% of participants had CD4+ T cells that recognized the virus… 95% of the people had at least 3 out of 5 immune-system components that could recognize SARS-CoV-2 up to 8 months after infection.” 40) SARS-CoV-2 Natural Antibody Response Persists for at Least 12 Months in a Nationwide Study From the Faroe Islands, Petersen, 2021“The seropositive rate in the convalescent individuals was above 95% at all sampling time points for both assays and remained stable over time; that is, almost all convalescent individuals developed antibodies… results show that SARS-CoV-2 antibodies persisted at least 12 months after symptom onset and maybe even longer, indicating that COVID-19-convalescent individuals may be protected from reinfection.”41) SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell memory is sustained in COVID-19 convalescent patients for 10 months with successful development of stem cell-like memory T cells, Jung, 2021“ex vivo assays to evaluate SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses in COVID-19 convalescent patients up to 317 days post-symptom onset (DPSO), and find that memory T cell responses are maintained during the study period regardless of the severity of COVID-19. In particular, we observe sustained polyfunctionality and proliferation capacity of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells. Among SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells detected by activation-induced markers, the proportion of stem cell-like memory T (TSCM) cells is increased, peaking at approximately 120 DPSO.”42) Immune Memory in Mild COVID-19 Patients and Unexposed Donors Reveals Persistent T Cell Responses After SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Ansari, 2021“Analyzed 42 unexposed healthy donors and 28 mild COVID-19 subjects up to 5 months from the recovery for SARS-CoV-2 specific immunological memory. Using HLA class II predicted peptide megapools, we identified SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive CD4+ T cells in around 66% of the unexposed individuals. Moreover, we found detectable immune memory in mild COVID-19 patients several months after recovery in the crucial arms of protective adaptive immunity; CD4+ T cells and B cells, with a minimal contribution from CD8+ T cells. Interestingly, the persistent immune memory in COVID-19 patients is predominantly targeted towards the Spike glycoprotein of the SARS-CoV-2. This study provides the evidence of both high magnitude pre-existing and persistent immune memory in Indian population.” 43) COVID-19 natural immunity, WHO, 2021“Current evidence points to most individuals developing strong protective immune responses following natural infection with SARSCoV-2. Within 4 weeks following infection, 90-99% of individuals infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus develop detectable neutralizing antibodies. The strength and duration of the immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 are not completely understood and currently available data suggests that it varies by age and the severity of symptoms. Available scientific data suggests that in most people immune responses remain robust and protective against reinfection for at least 6-8 months after infection (the longest follow up with strong scientific evidence is currently approximately 8 months).”44) Antibody Evolution after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination, Cho, 2021“We conclude that memory antibodies selected over time by natural infection have greater potency and breadth than antibodies elicited by vaccination…boosting vaccinated individuals with currently available mRNA vaccines would produce a quantitative increase in plasma neutralizing activity but not the qualitative advantage against variants obtained by vaccinating convalescent individuals.”45) Humoral Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 in Iceland, Gudbjartsson, 2020“Measured antibodies in serum samples from 30,576 persons in Iceland…of the 1797 persons who had recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection, 1107 of the 1215 who were tested (91.1%) were seropositive…results indicate risk of death from infection was 0.3% and that antiviral antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 did not decline within 4 months after diagnosis (para).”46) Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to 8 months after infection, Dan, 2021“Analyzed multiple compartments of circulating immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 in 254 samples from 188 COVID-19 cases, including 43 samples at ≥ 6 months post-infection…IgG to the Spike protein was relatively stable over 6+ months. Spike-specific memory B cells were more abundant at 6 months than at 1 month post symptom onset.”47) The prevalence of adaptive immunity to COVID-19 and reinfection after recovery – a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 011 447 individuals, Chivese, 2021“Fifty-four studies, from 18 countries, with a total of 12 011 447 individuals, followed up to 8 months after recovery, were included. At 6-8 months after recovery, the prevalence of detectable SARS-CoV-2 specific immunological memory remained high; IgG – 90.4%… pooled prevalence of reinfection was 0.2% (95%CI 0.0 – 0.7, I2 = 98.8, 9 studies). Individuals who recovered from COVID-19 had an 81% reduction in odds of a reinfection (OR 0.19, 95% CI 0.1 – 0.3, I2 = 90.5%, 5 studies).”48) Reinfection Rates among Patients who Previously Tested Positive for COVID-19: a Retrospective Cohort Study, Sheehan, 2021“Retrospective cohort study of one multi-hospital health system included 150,325 patients tested for COVID-19 infection…prior infection in patients with COVID-19 was highly protective against reinfection and symptomatic disease. This protection increased over time, suggesting that viral shedding or ongoing immune response may persist beyond 90 days and may not represent true reinfection.” 49) Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection 1 Year After Primary Infection in a Population in Lombardy, Italy, Vitale, 2020“The study results suggest that reinfections are rare events and patients who have recovered from COVID-19 have a lower risk of reinfection. Natural immunity to SARS-CoV-2 appears to confer a protective effect for at least a year, which is similar to the protection reported in recent vaccine studies.”50) Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with protection against symptomatic reinfection, Hanrath, 2021“We observed no symptomatic reinfections in a cohort of healthcare workers…this apparent immunity to re-infection was maintained for at least 6 months…test positivity rates were 0% (0/128 [95% CI: 0–2.9]) in those with previous infection compared to 13.7% (290/2115 [95% CI: 12.3–15.2]) in those without (P<0.0001 χ2 test).” 51) mRNA vaccine-induced T cells respond identically to SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern but differ in longevity and homing properties depending on prior infection status, Neidleman, 2021“In infection-naïve individuals, the second dose boosted the quantity and altered the phenotypic properties of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells, while in convalescents the second dose changed neither. Spike-specific T cells from convalescent vaccinees differed strikingly from those of infection-naïve vaccinees, with phenotypic features suggesting superior long-term persistence and ability to home to the respiratory tract including the nasopharynx.”52) Targets of T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus in Humans with COVID-19 Disease and Unexposed Individuals, Grifoni, 2020“Using HLA class I and II predicted peptide “megapools,” circulating SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells were identified in ∼70% and 100% of COVID-19 convalescent patients, respectively. CD4+ T cell responses to spike, the main target of most vaccine efforts, were robust and correlated with the magnitude of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgA titers. The M, spike, and N proteins each accounted for 11%–27% of the total CD4+ response, with additional responses commonly targeting nsp3, nsp4, ORF3a, and ORF8, among others. For CD8+ T cells, spike and M were recognized, with at least eight SARS-CoV-2 ORFs targeted.”53) NIH Director’s Blog: Immune T Cells May Offer Lasting Protection Against COVID-19, Collins, 2021“Much of the study on the immune response to SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19, has focused on the production of antibodies. But, in fact, immune cells known as memory T cells also play an important role in the ability of our immune systems to protect us against many viral infections, including—it now appears—COVID-19.An intriguing new study of these memory T cells suggests they might protect some people newly infected with SARS-CoV-2 by remembering past encounters with other human coronaviruses. This might potentially explain why some people seem to fend off the virus and may be less susceptible to becoming severely ill with COVID-19.”54) Ultrapotent antibodies against diverse and highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants, Wang, 2021“Our study demonstrates that convalescent subjects previously infected with ancestral variant SARS-CoV-2 produce antibodies that cross-neutralize emerging VOCs with high potency…potent against 23 variants, including variants of concern.” 55) Why COVID-19 Vaccines Should Not Be Required for All Americans, Makary, 2021“Requiring the vaccine in people who are already immune with natural immunity has no scientific support. While vaccinating those people may be beneficial – and it’s a reasonable hypothesis that vaccination may bolster the longevity of their immunity – to argue dogmatically that they must get vaccinated has zero clinical outcome data to back it. As a matter of fact, we have data to the contrary: A Cleveland Clinic study found that vaccinating people with natural immunity did not add to their level of protection.”56) Protracted yet coordinated differentiation of long-lived SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells during COVID-19 convalescence, Ma, 2021“Screened 21 well-characterized, longitudinally-sampled convalescent donors that recovered from mild COVID-19…following a typical case of mild COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells not only persist but continuously differentiate in a coordinated fashion well into convalescence, into a state characteristic of long-lived, self-renewing memory.”57) Decrease in Measles Virus-Specific CD4 T Cell Memory in Vaccinated Subjects, Naniche, 2004“Characterized the profiles of measles vaccine (MV) vaccine-induced antigen-specific T cells over time since vaccination. In a cross-sectional study of healthy subjects with a history of MV vaccination, we found that MV-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells could be detected up to 34 years after vaccination. The levels of MV-specific CD8 T cells and MV-specific IgG remained stable, whereas the level of MV-specific CD4 T cells decreased significantly in subjects who had been vaccinated >21 years earlier.” 58) Remembrance of Things Past: Long-Term B Cell Memory After Infection and Vaccination, Palm, 2019“The success of vaccines is dependent on the generation and maintenance of immunological memory. The immune system can remember previously encountered pathogens, and memory B and T cells are critical in secondary responses to infection. Studies in mice have helped to understand how different memory B cell populations are generated following antigen exposure and how affinity for the antigen is determinant to B cell fate… upon re-exposure to an antigen the memory recall response will be faster, stronger, and more specific than a naïve response. Protective memory depends first on circulating antibodies secreted by LLPCs. When these are not sufficient for immediate pathogen neutralization and elimination, memory B cells are recalled.”59) SARS-CoV-2 specific memory B-cells from individuals with diverse disease severities recognize SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, Lyski, 2021“Examined the magnitude, breadth, and durability of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies in two distinct B-cell compartments: long-lived plasma cell-derived antibodies in the plasma, and peripheral memory B-cells along with their associated antibody profiles elicited after in vitro stimulation. We found that magnitude varied amongst individuals, but was the highest in hospitalized subjects. Variants of concern (VoC) -RBD-reactive antibodies were found in the plasma of 72% of samples in this investigation, and VoC-RBD-reactive memory B-cells were found in all but 1 subject at a single time-point. This finding, that VoC-RBD-reactive MBCs are present in the peripheral blood of all subjects including those that experienced asymptomatic or mild disease, provides a reason for optimism regarding the capacity of vaccination, prior infection, and/or both, to limit disease severity and transmission of variants of concern as they continue to arise and circulate.”60) Exposure to SARS-CoV-2 generates T-cell memory in the absence of a detectable viral infection, Wang, 2021“T-cell immunity is important for recovery from COVID-19 and provides heightened immunity for re-infection. However, little is known about the SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell immunity in virus-exposed individuals…report virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell memory in recovered COVID-19 patients and close contacts…close contacts are able to gain T-cell immunity against SARS-CoV-2 despite lacking a detectable infection.” 61) CD8+ T-Cell Responses in COVID-19 Convalescent Individuals Target Conserved Epitopes From Multiple Prominent SARS-CoV-2 Circulating Variants, Redd, 2021and Lee, 2021“The CD4 and CD8 responses generated after natural infection are equally robust, showing activity against multiple “epitopes” (little segments) of the spike protein of the virus. For instance, CD8 cells responds to 52 epitopes and CD4 cells respond to 57 epitopes across the spike protein, so that a few mutations in the variants cannot knock out such a robust and in-breadth T cell response…only 1 mutation found in Beta variant-spike overlapped with a previously identified epitope (1/52), suggesting that virtually all anti-SARS-CoV-2 CD8+ T-cell responses should recognize these newly described variants.”62) Exposure to common cold coronaviruses can teach the immune system to recognize SARS-CoV-2,La Jolla, Crotty and Sette, 2020“Exposure to common cold coronaviruses can teach the immune system to recognize SARS-CoV-2”63) Selective and cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes in unexposed humans, Mateus, 2020“Found that the pre-existing reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 comes from memory T cells and that cross-reactive T cells can specifically recognize a SARS-CoV-2 epitope as well as the homologous epitope from a common cold coronavirus. These findings underline the importance of determining the impacts of pre-existing immune memory in COVID-19 disease severity.”64) Longitudinal observation of antibody responses for 14 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection, Dehgani-Mobaraki, 2021“Better understanding of antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 after natural infection might provide valuable insights into the future implementation of vaccination policies. Longitudinal analysis of IgG antibody titers was carried out in 32 recovered COVID-19 patients based in the Umbria region of Italy for 14 months after Mild and Moderately-Severe infection…study findings are consistent with recent studies reporting antibody persistency suggesting that induced SARS-CoV-2 immunity through natural infection, might be very efficacious against re-infection (>90%) and could persist for more than six months. Our study followed up patients up to 14 months demonstrating the presence of anti-S-RBD IgG in 96.8% of recovered COVID-19 subjects.”65) Humoral and circulating follicular helper T cell responses in recovered patients with COVID-19, Juno, 2020“Characterized humoral and circulating follicular helper T cell (cTFH) immunity against spike in recovered patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We found that S-specific antibodies, memory B cells and cTFH are consistently elicited after SARS-CoV-2 infection, demarking robust humoral immunity and positively associated with plasma neutralizing activity.” 66) Convergent antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in convalescent individuals, Robbiani, 2020“149 COVID-19-convalescent individuals…antibody sequencing revealed the expansion of clones of RBD-specific memory B cells that expressed closely related antibodies in different individuals. Despite low plasma titres, antibodies to three distinct epitopes on the RBD neutralized the virus with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50 values) as low as 2 ng ml−1.” 67) Rapid generation of durable B cell memory to SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins in COVID-19 and convalescence, Hartley, 2020 “COVID-19 patients rapidly generate B cell memory to both the spike and nucleocapsid antigens following SARS-CoV-2 infection…RBD- and NCP-specific IgG and Bmem cells were detected in all 25 patients with a history of COVID-19.”68) Had COVID? You’ll probably make antibodies for a lifetime, Callaway, 2021“People who recover from mild COVID-19 have bone-marrow cells that can churn out antibodies for decades…the study provides evidence that immunity triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection will be extraordinarily long-lasting.” 69) A majority of uninfected adults show preexisting antibody reactivity against SARS-CoV-2, Majdoubi, 2021In greater Vancouver Canada, “using a highly sensitive multiplex assay and positive/negative thresholds established in infants in whom maternal antibodies have waned, we determined that more than 90% of uninfected adults showed antibody reactivity against the spike protein, receptor-binding domain (RBD), N-terminal domain (NTD), or the nucleocapsid (N) protein from SARS-CoV-2.” 70) SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells in healthy donors and patients with COVID-19, Braun, 2020“The results indicate that spike-protein cross-reactive T cells are present, which were probably generated during previous encounters with endemic coronaviruses.” 71) Naturally enhanced neutralizing breadth against SARS-CoV-2 one year after infection, Wang, 2021“A cohort of 63 individuals who have recovered from COVID-19 assessed at 1.3, 6.2 and 12 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection…the data suggest that immunity in convalescent individuals will be very long lasting.”72) One Year after Mild COVID-19: The Majority of Patients Maintain Specific Immunity, But One in Four Still Suffer from Long-Term Symptoms, Rank, 2021“Long-lasting immunological memory against SARS-CoV-2 after mild COVID-19.”73) IDSA, 2021“Immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 following natural infection can persist for at least 11 months… natural infection (as determined by a prior positive antibody or PCR-test result) can confer protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection.”74) Assessment of protection against reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 among 4 million PCR-tested individuals in Denmark in 2020: a population-level observational study, Holm Hansen, 2021Denmark, “during the first surge (ie, before June, 2020), 533 381 people were tested, of whom 11 727 (2·20%) were PCR positive, and 525 339 were eligible for follow-up in the second surge, of whom 11 068 (2·11%) had tested positive during the first surge. Among eligible PCR-positive individuals from the first surge of the epidemic, 72 (0·65% [95% CI 0·51–0·82]) tested positive again during the second surge compared with 16 819 (3·27% [3·22–3·32]) of 514 271 who tested negative during the first surge (adjusted RR 0·195 [95% CI 0·155–0·246]).”

What can be concluded from the above evidence? That vaccinating our troops and police (and children), and in fact COVID recovered persons (and forcing/mandating vaccines), has no scientific or medical basis and can be extremely harmful and can even be deadly. The collective literature evidence we presented above unequivocally establishes (and is empirically undeniable) that protective immunity following natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 is durable and long lasting. 

This push therefore to separate society into two groups (vaccinated versus unvaccinated) is destructive and without any scientific basis. This push to mandate the vaccine and put those who chose not to vaccinate into unemployment is inexcusable. We must allow persons to make this personal decision to vaccinate or not based on their own values and preferences and needs. The science clearly shows that naturally acquired immunity is similar to or even superior to vaccine induced immunity by these non-sterilizing COVID-19 vaccines, and affords longer lasting and stronger protection against infection. Our military and police must be allowed to make the decisions independently, unafraid of any retribution or loss of income or privileges. The arguments why the military and police must be vaccinated (and forced and mandated) with these vaccines are nonsense and have no medical or scientific basis. 

One Big Lie Created the COVID Pandemic

by Joel S. Hirschhorn

Sometimes it pays to step back in history to understand exactly how something monumental was created. This is the story of how one Big Lie turned our world upside down and ruined the lives of millions of people.

It is hard to believe that one Big Lie could have created all the pandemic controls, especially lockdowns, school closings, and quarantines, that devastated our lives, our economy, and our society. But it happened.

A very powerful, influential person told the world in early 2020 that the new China virus that leads to COVID-19 infection was especially lethal. This quickly pushed a fast, enormous response to protect public health.  Was the truth being told? It was not. There was an exaggeration of the new virus lethality for the entire population. In truth, it was only severe for the oldest age category. Helped by corrupt data from the CDC, the overstatement of COVID lethality continues today to maintain public fear.

First, it is important to discuss the meaning of critically important terms.  What the Big Lie was all about had to do with the fatality or death rate of what early in 2020 was seen as an invading new virus coming from China.  How should we think about the fatality rate of a virus?

Terminology

One simple and correct way to examine fatality rate is to look at how many people die from the infection caused by the virus: the Infection Fatality Rate (IFR). But another possible way would be to invoke the Case Fatality Rate (CFR); the fraction of documented cases of people with the virus that resulted in death.

How can you know how many people are infected? A lot of testing would be necessary. For our COVID pandemic, there has been, surprisingly, very little wide blood testing across the whole population. Many people with infections have no symptoms or just mild ones and do not seek testing or medical attention. The CDC has done a terrible job of getting good data on infection numbers.

As to cases ascribed to COVID, there are reasons why that number surely underestimates how many people are really infected. Why? The reason is because only some people, usually with symptoms, get tested and if found positive become a case. On the other side, the PCR test method most widely used has often been implemented in a way to get false-positive results. This is mainly because the number of cycles the test is run is far too high (above 25) and picks up fragments of the virus (or any coronavirus) that does not document real COVID infection. Thus, the CFR is not a reliable or accurate measure of the real death rate despite widely published case numbers.

Key moment in history

During a March 11, 2020 hearing of the House Oversight and Reform Committee on coronavirus preparedness, Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, put it plainly: “The seasonal flu that we deal with every year has a mortality of 0.1%,” he told the congressional panel, whereas coronavirus is “10 times more lethal than the seasonal flu,” per STAT news. [0.1% also expressed as .001]

He also said: “The bottom line: It is going to get worse.” He stated: “The stated mortality, overall, of [the coronavirus], when you look at all the data including China, is about 3%.” 

That figure of 3%, far from reliable, is 30 times greater than the figure given for the seasonal flu. Fauci exaggerated to create a crisis simply by implying great lethality for everyone infected by the new COVID virus.

It should be noted that CDC has found the flu IFR ranged from 0.1% (the figure cited by Fauci) to 0.17% [.0017] from 2014 to 2019 because seasonal deaths vary significantly.

With the help of big mainstream media, what Fauci said put the country into convulsions. It created the foundation for authoritarian contagion controls driving a spike into the lives of Americans. Fauci intentionally created the pandemic by creating fear.

New York City analysis

An interesting analysis was made for IFR for New York City at the height of the pandemic in May 2020. It illustrates how both death and infection data can be fine-tuned to get an IFR. As to deaths, blood testing found that 19.9% of people had antibodies indicating infection, yielding a number of 1,671,351 infected.  As to deaths from COVID, there were three components: 13,156 confirmed, 5,126 probable, and 5,148 excess for a total of 23,430, which may have overstated deaths. Probable meant likely COVID death but not confirmed through testing. Excess meant the number above the expected seasonal baseline level. Using the total deaths divided by total infected produces an IFR of .014. This is higher than the usually quoted flu value [.001] for the height of the pandemic in high-density New York City and without consideration of variations among the most vulnerable groups. A high rate of fatality for elderly people would cause a deceptive high value for IFR for the entire population.

Deaths certainly have declined significantly in the past year and more (even as the high transmissivity delta variant has probably maintained high levels of infections). Why? It is because of far better actions in hospitals and because infected people have surely learned a lot about home treatments to catch COVID infection early after initial symptoms and possibly a positive test. Cutting the deaths in half for the same number of infected people results in an IFR of .007, probably a more realistic figure for today.

World Health Organization

At an October 2020 meeting of the World Health Organization, Dr. Michael Ryan, the Head of Emergencies revealed that they believe roughly 10% of the world has been infected with Sars-Cov-2. This is their “best estimate.” This figure was based on the average results of all the broad seroprevalence (blood) studies done around the world. The message was that the virus is nothing as deadly as everyone predicted. At the time the global population was roughly 7.8 billion people, if 10% have been infected that is 780 million infections. The global death toll then attributed to Sars-Cov-2 infections was seen as 1,061,539.  That’s an infection fatality rate of roughly or 0.14% [.0014].  This is consistent with seasonal flu and the predictions of many experts from around the world, and inconsistent with the dire picture given by Fauci.

Great analysis

Now consider the detailed analysis “Public Health Lessons Learned From Biases in Coronavirus Mortality Overestimation” by Ronald B. Brown published in August 2020. He has doctoral degrees in public health and organizational behavior.

Here are highlights from this article that focused on what Fauci said.

“The validity of this estimation could benefit from vetting for biases and miscalculations. The main objective of this article is to critically appraise the coronavirus mortality estimation presented to Congress.”

[What Fauci said] “helped launch a campaign of social distancing, organizational, business lockdowns, and shelter-in-place orders.”

“Previous to the Congressional hearing, a less severe estimation of coronavirus mortality appeared in a February 28, 2020, editorial released by NIAID [Fauci’s department] and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Published online in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM.org), the editorial stated: ‘…the overall clinical consequences of Covid-19 may ultimately be more akin to those of a severe seasonal influenza (which has a case fatality rate of approximately 0.1%).’  Almost as a parenthetical afterthought, the NEJM editorial inaccurately stated that 0.1% is the approximate case fatality rate of seasonal influenza. By contrast, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that 0.1% or lower is the approximate influenza infection fatality rate, not the case fatality rate. “

Brown correctly hit the key semantic issue: CFR versus IFR.

“IFRs are estimated following an outbreak, often based on representative samples of blood tests of the immune system in individuals exposed to a virus. Estimation of the IFR in COVID-19 is urgently needed to assess the scale of the coronavirus pandemic. “ [Now, over a year later this has not happened.]

Brown correctly emphasized, “it is imperative to not confuse fatality rates [CFR and IFR] with one another; else misleading calculations with significant consequences could result.”  [That is exactly what Fauci engineered.]

Brown said the 1% figure in the testimony was consistent with the “coronavirus CFR of 1.8-3.4% (median, 2.6%) reported by the CDC.”  [As I write this data in The Washington Post shows a CFR of 1.6%. This substantiates that the health care system has made progress in curbing COVID deaths. But this current CFR is still 16 times higher than the IFR figure for the seasonal flu. IFR remains the issue.]

Now, Brown gets to the heart of the problem: “A comparison of coronavirus and seasonal influenza CFRs may have been intended during Congressional testimony, but due to misclassifying an IFR as a CFR, the comparison turned out to be between an adjusted coronavirus CFR of 1% and an influenza IFR of 0.1%.”  [Did Fauci, the widely lauded expert, not know what he was doing?  It is hard to believe this. If he knew, then we have the explanation for the Big Lie.]

By May 2020 “it was clear that the coronavirus mortality total for the season would be nowhere near 800,000 deaths inferred from the 10-fold mortality overestimation reported to Congress [emphasis added]. Even after adjusting for the effect of successful mitigation measures that may have slowed down the rate of coronavirus transmission, it seems unlikely that so many deaths were eliminated by a nonpharmaceutical intervention such as social distancing, which was only intended to contain infection transmission, not suppress infections and related fatalities.”

As to getting good data to determine IFR, Brown noted: “A revised version of a non–peer-reviewed study on COVID-19 antibody seroprevalence in Santa Clara County, California, found that infections were many times more prevalent than confirmed cases. As more serosurveys are conducted throughout the country, a nationally coordinated COVID-19 serosurvey of a representative sample of the population is urgently needed, which can determine if the national IFR is low enough to expedite an across-the-board end to restrictive mitigating measures.”  [In other words, with systematic blood testing, if we have an IFR for COVID like the IFR for the seasonal flu, then the many disruptive and costly actions by the public health establishment are not justified.  And they never were!]

Another analysis

The title of this September 2020 article by Len Cabrera is “Mistake or Manipulation.”  An initial point made was: “A review of the early events mentioned in Dr. Brown’s paper and the lack of any corrections to the record suggest that the misstatement [by Fauci] before Congress was not a mistake.” If not a mistake, then it was intentional.

This point was dead on: “In his testimony, Dr. Fauci claimed the mortality of flu was 0.1% and that the case fatality rate of COVID was 3% but could be as low as 1% with asymptomatic cases. This is an apples-to-oranges comparison of the flu’s infection fatality rate (IFR) to COVID-19’s case fatality rate (CFR).”

And this critical point was made: “All cases are infections, but not all infections are confirmed cases, so the number of infections always exceeds the number of cases, making IFR less than CFR.” In other words, if the number of deaths is the same, then a lower denominator for calculating CFR compared to that for getting the IFR results in a higher number for CFR.

Are we to believe that the esteemed Fauci did not know this? Or is it reasonable to conclude that Fauci knew exactly what he was doing, namely using some simple data to create a pandemic crisis that required massive authoritarian government actions? Fauci set the stage for his wait-for-the-vaccine pandemic strategy that he sold to President Trump. This required that the government establish blocks to the wide use of the safe, cheap, effective, and FDA-approved generic medicines already found to cure COVID in early 2020, namely ivermectin and hydroxychloroquine. Details about these early treatment protocols are given in Pandemic Blunder.

Here is another point made: “A careful viewing of the testimony suggests the line [COVID being 10 times worse than flu] was not a mistake. Dr. Fauci was specifically asked if COVID was less lethal than H1N1 or SARS. Rather than refer to his own NEJM article saying SARS had a case fatality rate of 9-10% (3 to 10 times worse than COVID), Dr. Fauci said, “Absolutely not… the 2009 pandemic of H1N1 was even less lethal than regular flu… this is a really serious problem that we have to take seriously.” He repeated that COVID’s “mortality is 10 times that [of influenza]” and concluded with, “We have to stay ahead of the game in preventing this.”

This also was a prescient view: “This was a perfect series of switches: IFR to CFR, voluntary isolation for the sick to mandatory isolation for everyone, two weeks to flatten the curve to indefinite lockdown until there’s a vaccine. (If you think it will be voluntary, you’re not paying attention.)”

Add this to the quest for truth: “A study in France looked at all-cause mortality data from 1946 to 2020 and concluded that ‘SARS-CoV-2 is not an unusually virulent viral respiratory disease pathogen” because there is no significant increase in mortality. Of the deaths in 2020, the study said, ‘unprecedented strict mass quarantine and isolation of both sick and healthy elderly people, together and separately, killed many of them.’”

Here is the article’s correct conclusion: “Sadly, many politicians were duped and went along with the recommendations for lockdowns and masks that followed from Dr. Fauci’s 10-times-deadlier testimony. Don’t expect them to admit their mistakes, either. Perhaps the only thing harder for a politician than telling the whole truth is admitting a mistake.”

What is the truth?

If you listen to many experts, you hear this truth based on CDC data: 99.8 or 99.9 percent of people across all ages who get infected by COVID do not die. That means that the IFR overall is .001 or .002. In other words, it is not much worse than the flu IFR, but it does vary with age.

In September 2020 these CDC age related data were reported:

Updated survival rates and IFR by age group:

  • 0-19: 99.997%, IFR .003%

  • 20-49: 99.98%, IFR .02%

  • 50-69: 99.5%, IFR .5%

  • 70+: 94.6%, IFR 5.4%

Note that through age 49 the IFR is less than the average for flu of .1% but higher for older people. Only for the 70+ group is the IFR more than 10 times greater. Is what Fauci said in his congressional testimony accurate? What if Fauci had said something in tune with that reality? The vaccine program he pushed should have focused on the elderly, not the entire population.

From the important recent report “COVD-19: Restoring Public Trust During A Global Health Crisis” are age data and COVID CFR [through Feb. 16, 2021].  Note these are Case Facility Rate data, meaning that the figures are very exaggerated because the number of infected is very much higher than the number of cases: probably 100 million more infections than cases.  Thus, the total across all age groups of 1.701%, [.01701] should be corrected to .289% [.00289]; this is about three times higher than the cited flu IFR, not the 10 times higher given by Fauci. It would be much lower for the less than 70 population.

A very recent article said this: “While estimates of COVID-19’s infection fatality rate (IFR) range from study to study, the expert consensus does indeed place the death rate at below 1 percent for most age groups.” Fauci did indeed overhype COVID for all but the very elderly. This supports the view of the eminent Dr. Peter McCollough that a wise COVID vaccine strategy would have been to target the elderly, not the entire population.

The widely acclaimed medical researcher John P. Ioannidis of Stanford University has examined IFR for COVID in considerable detail. In October 2020, he said this: “The infection fatality rate of COVID-19 can vary substantially across different locations and this may reflect differences in population age structure and case-mix of infected and deceased patients and other factors. The inferred infection fatality rates tended to be much lower than estimates made earlier in the pandemic.” At that time, he said:” Across 51 locations, the median COVID-19 infection fatality rate was 0.27% (corrected 0.23%).” This was higher than the Fauci quoted value for the flu (.1%), but not 10 times greater. 

A new report from the defense department gives data on 5.6 million fully vaccinated Medicare participants age 65 and older. There were 161,000 recent breakthrough COVID infections and the IFR was .021. It noted an IFR for this group of .12 (about five times greater) during the March to December 2020 period when there was far less effective hospital care and no mass vaccination. Both IFRs for elderly Americans are greater than the quoted typical flu value, but far from a very lethal viral infection.

Recently, it was reported that according to the CDC, “More than 39 million Americans have been diagnosed with coronavirus infection since the pandemic started in 2020.” Using that figure, that may be too low because only 1.4 million blood samples were tested, together with the current CDC value of about 700,000 COVID fatalities results in an average IFR of .018. Why are 39 million infected people low? Many medical experts have said it is because that there are probably some 100 million Americans with natural immunity resulting from COVID infection. The keyword to question in what CDC did is “diagnosed.” In other words, people who were tested and found positive. But clearly, a large fraction of asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic people did not get tested. So, what if you add 100 million to the 39 million figure and then use that as the denominator, with 700,000 deaths in the numerator, and calculate the IFR? You get an IFR of .005. which is not ten times higher than the flu value cited by Fauci in his congressional testimony [actually 3 times higher than the high end of flu IFR values].

Podcaster Jack Murphy, who founded Liminal Order, deduced that because the CDC said there were twice as many people who were infected with COVID, then it automatically meant that the lethality rate must be cut in half, commenting that the virus that had killed 646,000 Americans in the last 19 months is “far less lethal than already known.”

Murder Motivation

To accept the entire argument for a Big Lie it is necessary to explain the motivation for Fauci to intentionally tell the public that the new China virus was extremely lethal. So much worse than seasonal flu. So awful that extreme government action was needed.

It is relevant to note that in January 2017 Fauci warned the Trump administration, in a public talk, that no doubt there would be a “surprise outbreak” of a new infectious disease pandemic. “The thing we’re extraordinarily confident about is that we’re going to see this in the next few years,” he said. He got what he wanted. Maybe all the talk about a “plandemic” was spot on. Maybe Fauci had insights because he was funding the work at the Wuhan Laboratory to develop extremely toxic viruses.

What Fauci said about high lethality set in motion an onerous set of government actions justified based on protecting public health. Why would anyone want to overstate the lethality of the new COVID-19 virus? It was the only way to use onerous pandemic control and management methods that Fauci favored. It was necessary to set in motion a COVID vaccine program. Most of all, his strategy was used to create very high levels of FEAR in the public so that they would accept his favored government actions.

Understand this: Fauci is not a trained public health expert, nor a trained epidemiologist or virologist. He was a plain physician who over many decades as a top NIH bureaucrat accumulated enormous power. He never did what true public health experts have an ethical obligation to do. That is to tell the public both the positives and negatives of public health policies and actions.

The point is this: By pushing the need for pandemic actions to address a very lethal virus a host of government actions produced so many economic, social, and personal hardships and dislocations as a result. Many analyses have concluded that more Americans died from government actions than from the COVID virus. Perversely, pandemic public health actions harmed public health. But with widespread mainstream media support Fauci got away with everything.

Hundreds of thousands of Americans died unnecessarily. Fauci is guilty of criminally negligent homicide stemming from his initial and very public overstatement of the lethality of the COVID virus. Those who have screamed for his prosecution have a valid case.

With his power, he created policies that created data to support this lethality claim. One big action was to create a testing protocol using the PCR technology in ways that created very high case levels. The inventor of that technology said it was inappropriate for diagnosing viral infection. Millions of COVID cases resulted from running PCR equipment at very high cycle rates [high than 25]. Meanwhile, the government never did widespread blood testing to get data for knowing the IFR.

The other major way to keep up public support for pandemic controls was to ensure high numbers of COVID deaths. This was done through directives on how death certificates should be filled out and through financial incentives for hospitals to certify deaths as COVID ones. A recent analysis that in March 2020 CDC changed guidelines on how death certificates were to be filled out. This is different than the procedure used for 17 years prior to this change. This study found a COVID fatality figure of 161,392 with the new reporting versus 9,684 for the older procedure. There is little doubt that COVID death data, even accounting for some overcounting because of people dying not from any COVID influence, have been too high. This means that IFR data have been too high.

The combination of false high levels of cases and deaths helped maintain public fear of a very lethal virus. That is not correct for nearly all people younger than 70 years old.

Conclusions

To sum up: COVID was intentionally overhyped by Fauci as a very deadly disease to justify the most extreme public health actions. This was the Big Lie. Most valid data now show COVID lethality is like that for seasonal flu for the vast majority of people. But accepting that truth would not have justified the array of excessive government actions used for the false pandemic.

Yes, many people have died from COVID, but deaths have been overreported and infections underreported. Most deaths – at least 85% – could have been prevented by using generic medicines, such as ivermectin. There is no doubt that a great many people die with COVID but not FROM COVID, also arguing for a low IFR. At one point the CDC said that only 6% of deaths resulted only from COVID, making the IFR much lower than the flu IFR.

Finally, recognizing the true lower IFR for COVID the whole rationale for mass vaccination collapses, especially in view of very high levels of adverse effects and deaths from the vaccines themselves.

This makes perfect sense if you appreciate that the COVID IFR is now like the flu IFR for most people, especially if you recognize that CDC has found the flu IFR ranged from 0.1% (the figure cited by Fauci) to 0.17% from 2014 to 2019.

Understanding that the lethality of COVID is far from the terrible picture painted by Fauci at the very beginning of the pandemic is key to weighing the risk/benefit ratio when deciding to get vaccinated. For most people, the risk from the vaccine is greater than the benefit. Only the elderly has a good reason to get the shot. Some 81 percent of COVID deaths are for people over 65. As has been pointed out by many people, the average age of most COVID deaths for elderly victims has been consistently higher than the average life expectancy ages.

A new article has made important observations. The main one is that countries with low vaccination levels have been doing better than those with mass vaccination programs, like the US. The results are consistent with a widely accepted understanding that the vaccines do not effectively stem virus infection or transmission. More vaccination equated to more viral spreading.

The new study ended with advice to learn “to live with COVID-19, in the same manner, we continue to live a 100 years later with various seasonal alterations of the 1918 Influenza virus.”

Dr. Joel S. Hirschhorn, is author of Pandemic Blunder and many articles on the pandemic, worked on health issues for decades. As a full professor at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, he directed a medical research program between the colleges of engineering and medicine.  As a senior official at the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment and the National Governors Association, he directed major studies on health-related subjects; he testified at over 50 US Senate and House hearings and authored hundreds of articles and op-ed articles in major newspapers.  He has served as an executive volunteer at a major hospital for more than 10 years.  He is a member of the Association of American Physicians and Surgeons, and America’s Frontline Doctors.